1917 – Old Magazine Articles

Tommy’s Alphabet
(The B.E.F. Times, 1917)

The front-line Tommy of the First World War, like Fritz, Jock, Sammy and Les Poilu, had a good deal of time on his hands between terrors. Some wrote letters, some made trench art, some slept – and the ones we’re concentrating on were the ones who made this handy alphabetic guide that explained their world:

“Z is for ZERO, the time we go over,

Most of us wish we were way back
in Dover
Making munitions and living in clover
And far, far away from the trenches”

French Soldiers Desperate to Leave the Trenches
(The Atlanta Georgian, 1917)

So horrid was the terror of World War I trench warfare that more than a few of the Frenchmen serving in those forward positions (and others who were simply overcome with life in the military) began to post personal ads in French newspapers, volunteering to marry widows and divorcees with large families in order to be absolved of all military duty.

Read what the U.S. Army psychologists had to say about courage.

‘The Battle of the Somme” by Philip Gibbs
(Literary Digest, 1917)

This book review was published in an American magazine shortly after President Wilson and the U.S. Congress declared war on the Germany. The book in question, The battle of the Somme, was written by Philip Gibbs (1877 – 1962). Highly respected among his peers and the reading public, Gibbs was knighted for his efforts at the war’s end but soon he let the world know what he really thought of the war and, in particular, his feelings concerning General Douglas Haig.

Gibbs wrote a number of books that were critical of war, click here to read a review of More That Must Be Told (1921).

The Field Service of the American Ambulace
(Times Literary Supplement, 1917)

A book review from Britain’s controlled press of Friends of France. Printed in 1917, the book was a collection of memoirs by the members of the Field Service of the American Ambulance.

Click here to read about the Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps.

CARRY ON by Coningsby Dawson
(NY Times, 1917)

Attached, you will find the 1917 review of Carry On
by Coningsby Dawson (1883 – 1959). The book is a collection of the author’s beautifully crafted letters that were written to his family while he served on the Western Front during the First World War. Dawson’s ability to convey the urgency of the allied cause was so well received he was assigned to write two additional books by the British Ministry of Information: The Glory of the Trenches and Out to Win, both published in 1918 (neither of the two were any where near as moving as the one that is reviewed here).

Click here to read about W.W. I art.

Russia’s Women Soldiers of W.W. I
(Literary Digest, 1917)

The attached news article from 1917 reported on the a Russian combat unit that consisted entirely of women soldiers called The Battalion of Death:

The courage of the Battalion of Death when the actual test came is the subject of many enthusiastic Petrograd dispatches. They behaved splendidly under fire, penetrating into a first-line trench of the Germans and brought back prisoners.

The Iconic ”I Want You” Poster Is Seen for the First Time
(Literary Digest, 1917)

In April, 1917, the call went out to artists of all ages that their talents were badly needed to create new and different sorts of posters that would rally the American masses to the colors. One of the first to answer the call was the celebrated illustrator James Montgomery Flagg; his first effort was the memorable I Want You poster, immediately raised the standards which other artists would have to acknowledge. It was reported that George Creel, the President’s appointee for all matters involving such undertakings in the mass-media, hosted a dinner for American illustrators; the evening ended with much clapping and cheering and the next day, one can assume, the poster campaign began in earnest.

Click here to read about W.W. I art.

A Woman War Worker Cartoon
(NY Times 1917)

Attached is a cartoon that was created during the third year of the First World War by a British cartoonist who feared that women have, through the years, been loosing their feminine mojo – that charming thing that truly separates them from the males of the species.

‘Negroes Still Departing”
(The Atlanta Georgian, 1917)

This short notice from a 1917 Georgia newspaper documented the heavy numbers involved in what has come to be known as the Great migration as more and more African-Americans abandoned their homes in the Southern states preferring life in the North. It is believed that between the years 1910 through 1940, some 1.6 million African Americans participated in this exodus. The Southern journalist who penned these three paragraphs clearly felt a sense of personal rejection:

The worthless ones are remaining here to be cared for… The departure of these Negroes is not spasmodic. It is a steady drain of the best class of laborers that the South now has. Just what remedy is to prevent it we do not know.

Another article about the great migration can be read here.

Intolerance Reviewed
(The Atlanta Georgian, 1917)

A short review of the silent classic film, Intolerance by D.W. Griffith:

For many years to come it is sure to be the last word in pictorial achievement. Not only is it deeply enthralling as entertainment, but it also carries a message of such power that pages of editorials have been written around its theme and its treatment.

The Training of American Blue Blooded Officers at Plattsburg
(Vanity Fair Magazine, 1917)

A leaf torn from the chic pages of VANITY FAIR in which eight snap shots depict various high-profile New Yorkers absorbed in their officer training routine. The journalist opined:

The Business Man’s Camp at Plattsburg has accomplished several of it’s avowed objects. It has proved itself practicable. It has demonstrated that men of high standing in business, professional and social affairs are willing to make personal sacrifices for the country’s good. It has shown that American officers have made good use of lessons taught by the War, and have adapted their tactics to conform to modern exigencies. Finally, the Plattsburg camp has grounded a large number of intelligent Americans in the rudiments of warfare.

You can read an article about General Wood here.

A War Like No Other
(Hearst’s Sunday American, 1917)

An article by the admired British war correspondent Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett (1881 – 1931) concerning those aspects of the 1914 war that combined to make the entire catastrophe something unique in human history:

Everything has changed; uniforms, weapons, methods, tactics. Cavalry had been rendered obsolete by trenches, machine guns and modern artillery; untrained soldiers proved useless, special battalions were needed on both sides to fight this particular kind of war that, in no way, resembled the battles your father or grand-fathers had once fought.

A good read.

Click here to read about the fashion legacy of W.W. I…

To read about one of the fashion legacies of W.W. II, click here…

High Culture in World War One Prison Camps
(Literary Digest, 1917)

This two page article is about P.O.W.s and the plays and concerts that they launched while in captivity; it is illustrated by numerous images of the prisoner/performers in costume.

If you are looking for an article that spells out how much more educated people used to be as compared to now, you might have found it.

Click here to read about the W.W. II Canadian POWs who collaborated with the Nazis.

Click here to read about American POWs during the Vietnam War.

The Army as Moral Guardian…
(Literary Digest, 1917)

Our boys are to be drafted into service. We cannot afford to draft them into a demoralizing environment.

-the words of Mr. Raymond B. Fosdick (who would later be lampooned by Chester Gould in the comic strip, Dick Tracy as Fearless Fosdick) as he announced the intentions of the Federal Commission on Training Camp Activities. This long forgotten and failed government program was set up two years prior to prohibition to combat the demoralizing influences so the officers and men could concentrate on more sublime topics, like chemical warfare.

Anti-Soft Drink Legislation Defeated
(The Atlanta Georgian, 1917)

On the same day that it was announced that the state of Georgia was going to prohibit alcohol a full year and a half prior to the Congressional measure, a bill died in the state legislature that would have prohibited all alcohol substitutes that had caffeine, as well (Georgia, you’ll recall is the home of the Coca-Cola Company):

In an effort to force the bone-dry majority of the House to the greatest extreme, Representative Stark of Jackson, Friday offered an amendment which would have barred all substitutes for liquor, all patent medicines, and soft drinks containing caffeine.

Prohibition Comes to Washington, D.C.
(The Atlanta Georgian, 1917)

In 1917 Washington, D.C. had no mayor, no city council and no say as to the goings on in Congress – the city was lorded over by the President and a Congressional commission. It was set up that way by the founders – and that is how Prohibition came to Washington, D.C. two years earlier than the rest of the nation: with the flick of his wrist, President Wilson signed the Sheppard Bill, legislation that declared that after November 1, 1918 all alcohol would be prohibited in the District of Columbia.

Billy Sunday Goes to New York City
(The Literary Digest, 1917)

Mr. Sunday pays his compliments to New York and gratefully revises his first impressions. He declares that when he first saw the big building(s) he believed they were right when they called it the ‘graveyard of evangelism’.

Agent is Held for Enticing Negroes
(The Atlanta Georgian, 1917)

One of the seldom remembered casualties in the Northern migration history was the prosecution of those Whites who both encouraged and provided monetary favors to the African-American families seeking a better life in the North.

To learn how many African-Americans served in the W.W. I American Army, click here.